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KDI 경제정보센터

ENG
  • 경제배움
  • Economic

    Information

    and Education

    Center

최신자료
Contracting over Pharmaceutical Formularies and Rebates
NBER
2024.08.07
We investigate how formularies used by pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) can affect manufacturer rebates for branded drugs. We first present a theoretical model of multidimensional contracting in which a PBM negotiates with drug manufacturers over menus of formulary-contingent rebate payments and then selects a formulary. We then estimate how formulary placement affects drug demand for statins using data from Princeton University, a large employer that contracts with a single PBM to offer prescription drug coverage to its employees. Using our theoretical model and demand estimates, we predict how rebates are affected by the use of a preferred tier in the formulary or the ability to exclude a drug from coverage. Our predictions align with aggregate rebate data, and we find that allowing a PBM to place branded drugs on preferred and non-preferred tiers can substantially increase negotiated rebate payments.