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Updates on the State of Statewide Housing Policy: New Insights into Implementation and Results
Brookings
2025.02.07
Housing affordability has emerged as one of the most economically and politically salient challenges across the US. In response, statewide legislation to encourage housing production continues to gain momentum. Based on reporting from academic researchers, think tanks, and contemporaneous media coverage, more than 20 states to date have adopted policies aimed at increasing the supply of housing. Policies range from legalizing accessory dwelling units and duplexes to setting quantitative production targets. Our previous research, released in late 2023, explored some of the early challenges related to implementing these policies, including limited staff capacity within state and local agencies and the need to set clear policy goals.

To learn how these challenges have evolved, the Lincoln Institute and Brookings Metro convened a workshop of state-level housing agencies, researchers, and other stakeholders in September 2024. Participants came from places with longstanding state involvement in land use and housing production (California, Massachusetts, Oregon, Washington) and places that have recently adopted legislation giving the state a broader role (Colorado, Florida, Maine, Utah).

Several themes emerged from that discussion, including the importance of states offering proactive guidance to localities and setting clear expectations about realistic outcomes. In this brief, we share some of the high-level lessons learned as states continue to adopt and implement statewide housing policy. (See below for a full list of participating organizations.)