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Progress of Fecal Sludge Management for On-Site Sanitation and Wastewater Treatment Systems in Warangal City and Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, Telangana State, India
Any on-site wastewater treatment system (OWTS) can cause pollution if not properly maintained, posing health and environmental risks. Regular desludging is crucial for maintaining an OWTS. In Japan, users of Johkasou, the standard OWTS in Japan, are mandated to desludge annually, with oversight from independent bodies designated by prefectural governors. International organizations, such as the United States Agency for International Development and Eawag, recommend desludging septic tanks every 3 to 5 years; however, systematic desludging is rare worldwide, even in developed countries.
The process of removing and treating sludge from systems like septic tanks and pit latrines is known as “fecal sludge management” (FSM) or “fecal sludge and septage management” (FSSM). Sustainable FSM requires a service chain for containment, sludge removal, transport, and safe treatment or disposal. This necessitates regulation, technician training, and public awareness, supported by political commitment.
Telangana State, India, established an FSSM policy in 2018, which was piloted in Warangal City in 2016 with support from the Administrative Staff College of India. Warangal plans to introduce citywide scheduled desludging upon completing a new fecal sludge treatment plant in 2024. This case underscores the importance of a phased approach to achieving FSSM.
Details of FSSM implementation steps in Telangana, with a focus on Warangal City, and a comparison of the challenges of OWTS sludge management in Hyderabad’s commercial buildings with those faced in Japan are highlighted.
The process of removing and treating sludge from systems like septic tanks and pit latrines is known as “fecal sludge management” (FSM) or “fecal sludge and septage management” (FSSM). Sustainable FSM requires a service chain for containment, sludge removal, transport, and safe treatment or disposal. This necessitates regulation, technician training, and public awareness, supported by political commitment.
Telangana State, India, established an FSSM policy in 2018, which was piloted in Warangal City in 2016 with support from the Administrative Staff College of India. Warangal plans to introduce citywide scheduled desludging upon completing a new fecal sludge treatment plant in 2024. This case underscores the importance of a phased approach to achieving FSSM.
Details of FSSM implementation steps in Telangana, with a focus on Warangal City, and a comparison of the challenges of OWTS sludge management in Hyderabad’s commercial buildings with those faced in Japan are highlighted.
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