This paper analyzes the welfare impacts of import bans in Nigeria, and how these are shaped by evasion. Bans were not
effectively enforced, and contributed to informal trade. The imposition of bans nonetheless increased consumer prices
by 5.8% on average. However, price increases are substantially attenuated for goods for which trade policy is harder
to enforce. Import bans disproportionately hurt the rich: the benefits of evasion are regressive.