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Advancing women’s participation in agrifood trade through inclusive policies
Agrifood trade presents significant potential to enhance women’s economic participation and support broader development outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where women play essential roles across production, processing and marketing. Despite the expansion of global agricultural trade over the past two decades, women continue to face systemic barriers that limit their ability to engage in and benefit from commercial opportunities. These constraints stem from disparities in land rights, financial inclusion, access to technology and education, and the weight of unpaid care responsibilities, while discriminatory social norms further restrict mobility and decision-making power within agrifood value chains. Such inequalities reduce the efficiency and resilience of value chains and impose substantial economic costs at the national and global levels. Efforts to promote women’s participation in agrifood trade increasingly focus on strengthening the functioning of territorial markets, improving collective action, and expanding women’s involvement in sustainable value chains. Reforms in trade facilitation, customs procedures and digitalization can help alleviate gender-specific obstacles, particularly for micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises led by women. In parallel, national policies that integrate gender-responsive measures into trade and agricultural strategies, financial inclusion programmes and value chain development initiatives are helping to close persistent gaps. Improved gender-disaggregated data and analytical tools are also essential to guide policy design and assess the distributional impacts of trade measures.
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