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KDI 경제교육·정보센터

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  • 경제배움
  • Economic

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    and Education

    Center

최신자료
Deposit Specialization and Lending Behavior
FRB of New York
2025.12.30
We examine how banks’ depositor composition shapes lending behavior, using granular supervisory data on deposits, loans, and securities for the largest U.S. banks. Classifying banks by depositor specialization, we find persistent differences in funding that translate to differences in asset allocations. Retail-depositor oriented banks hold longer-maturity loans and conduct more real estate lending, while corporate- and NBFI-oriented banks, whose funding is more volatile, hold shorter loans and liquid securities. Loan-level analyses show that stable funding is associated with lower rates, longer maturities, and larger loans. Growth in deposits is allocated differently depending on the depositor specialization of the bank, something we can explore using exogenous deposit growth during COVID.