A Feasibility Study Report: Blockchain Technology for Parerless Trade Facilitation in Mongolia | 국외연구자료

KDI 경제교육·정보센터

Economic Information and Education Center

최신자료

A Feasibility Study Report: Blockchain Technology for Parerless Trade Facilitation in Mongolia

UNESCAP

2025.12.30

This report assesses the feasibility of adopting blockchain technology for facilitating trade and enhancing competitiveness, especially to support paperless trade facilitation in Mongolia. The study is based on information collected through structured surveys and interviews with government agencies, the private sector, and industry associations, as well as a multi-stakeholder workshop held in Ulaanbaatar in March 2025. Mongolia’s trade ecosystem is highly dependent on mineral exports and limited transit routes through China and the Russian Federation. While trade volumes are growing ― reaching approximately USD 27.4 billion in 2024 ― structural inefficiencies such as cumbersome border procedures, paper-based documentation, and institutional capacity gaps continue to constrain competitiveness. Blockchain, leveraging the digital transformation, presents an opportunity to reduce these inefficiencies, strengthen trust with trade partners, and align Mongolia with global digital trade trends. The report initially reviews international case studies, including Singapore’s TradeTrust, the Republic of Korea’s uTradeHub, Maldives’ pilot initiatives and Dubai Customs Blockchain. These examples highlight blockchain’s potential to support efficient trade facilitation by digitalizing trade documents like the certificates of origin, streamlining regulatory compliances including customs clearance processes, improving supply chain traceability, and enabling secure trade finance. Key lessons include the importance of legal recognition of digital documents, phased pilot projects, and strong public private partnerships. These best practices provide lessons learned that serve as the basis for the potential applications of blockchain in Mongolia. Blockchain is not a silver bullet, but it could support Mongolia to leapfrog from paper-based to digitally enabled trade facilitation environment.

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