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Employment and Social Trends 2026
Globally, improvement in the quality of employment has slowed over the past two decades. Between 2015 and 2025, the share of workers living in extreme poverty declined by only 3.1 percentage points, to 7.9 per cent, compared with a decline of 15 percentage points in the previous decade. This leaves 284 million workers living in extreme poverty ？ that is, less than US$3.00 a day. Moreover, both extreme and moderate working poverty rates increased in low-income countries between 2015 and 2025, with almost 68 per cent of workers living in extreme or moderate poverty in 2025.
The global rate of informality increased by 0.3 percentage points between 2015 and 2025, after having declined in the previous decade. By 2026, 2.1 billion workers globally are projected to be informally employed. Informality is typically associated with lower job quality due to limited access to social protection, rights at work, workplace safety and job security. This increase largely reflects the growing share of employment in countries with higher rates of informality, chiefly in Africa and Southern Asia, making efforts to reduce informality in these economies critical. In addition, the incidence of own-account work, which in low- and middle-income countries is often low paid and undertaken out of necessity, rose again between 2015 and 2025.The slowdown in the transformation of economies towards sectors with more productive workers and better working conditions acts as a major roadblock in ensuring steady progress in narrowing decent work deficits. The process of workers moving across economic activities over time has halved globally over the last two decades. The slowing transition of workers towards sectors with higher formality and employee status is not only a major driver of the global deceleration in improvements in work quality but also of weakening productivity growth.
The global rate of informality increased by 0.3 percentage points between 2015 and 2025, after having declined in the previous decade. By 2026, 2.1 billion workers globally are projected to be informally employed. Informality is typically associated with lower job quality due to limited access to social protection, rights at work, workplace safety and job security. This increase largely reflects the growing share of employment in countries with higher rates of informality, chiefly in Africa and Southern Asia, making efforts to reduce informality in these economies critical. In addition, the incidence of own-account work, which in low- and middle-income countries is often low paid and undertaken out of necessity, rose again between 2015 and 2025.The slowdown in the transformation of economies towards sectors with more productive workers and better working conditions acts as a major roadblock in ensuring steady progress in narrowing decent work deficits. The process of workers moving across economic activities over time has halved globally over the last two decades. The slowing transition of workers towards sectors with higher formality and employee status is not only a major driver of the global deceleration in improvements in work quality but also of weakening productivity growth.
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