Buildings account for 37% of global energy-related emissions, while in OECD countries real estate represents USD 111 trillion in value ? nearly double total GDP. This makes the sector central to climate action, but also deeply exposed to mounting physical hazards like floods, fires and heatwaves, and to transition pressures from evolving regulations, technologies and market expectations.
This OECD report explores how climate-related risks are reshaping property markets, household wealth and financial stability. Drawing on new survey data and insights from the OECD Future-proof Real Estate Task Force, it examines how risks are assessed, and managed across the real estate ecosystem, from investors and insurers to governments and households.
By clarifying what is known and where gaps remain, the report aims to help policymakers, financial actors and communities align investment with resilience and decarbonisation goals. The message is clear: addressing climate risks in real estate is not just about protecting assets, but about safeguarding economies, livelihoods, and the future of cities and regions.