We examine the link between the diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) enabled technologies and changes in the female employment share in 16 European
countries over the period 2011-2019. Using data for occupations at the 3-digit
level, we find that on average female employment shares increased in occupations
more exposed to AI. Countries with high initial female labor force participation
and higher initial female relative education show a stronger positive association.
While there exists heterogeneity across countries, almost all show a positive relation between changes in female employment shares within occupations and
exposure to AI-enabled automation.