There have been a series of reports over the last 25 years highlighting concerns around social cohesion and connection, across difference, especially religious and ethnic difference. Schools are often one of the few spaces where young people and their families from different backgrounds, meet and mix. They are also required to teach young people about social, political and religious issues through the curriculum.
Given the Government’s commitment to lowering the voting age to 16 before the next election, schools also have the potential to be a key site, fostering students’ knowledge and understanding of democracy and the role of civic society. The Electoral Commission proposes a developed programme of citizenship education to prepare young people for voting. In November 2025, the final report of the independent Curriculum and Assessment Review panel recommended that citizenship education should become mandatory at primary as well as secondary school.
The overall aim of this project was to highlight and explore the work of third-sector organisations in supporting schools to teach ‘controversial issues‘. It examines their aims and their offer to schools, as well as the perspectives and experiences of their staff on their work.