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KDI 경제교육·정보센터

ENG
  • 경제배움
  • Economic

    Information

    and Education

    Center

최신자료
Disciplining digital risk: evidence from cyber stress tests
BIS
2026.06.05
Investment in cybersecurity in an interconnected banking system has public-good properties: positive externalities can generate systemic underinvestment. Using confidential supervisory data from the European Central Bank, we first identify "laggard" European banks that underinvest relative to their cyber-risk profiles, and then examine how supervisory scrutiny affects their incentives to invest. We exploit the 2024 ECB Cyber Resilience Stress Test (CyRST) as a quasi-natural experiment. In a difference-in-differences design, we find that following the CyRST announcement, laggard banks increased cybersecurity investment by about 80% relative to their peers. The response is stronger among laggards subject to high-intensity supervisory oversight, consistent with scrutiny exerting a disciplining effect. Overall, the results suggest that targeted supervisory scrutiny may help mitigate underinvestment incentives and strengthen banks‘ operational risk management.